Under the Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act of 2015 (MACRA), Congress allowed physicians to earn incentive payments by participating in Advanced APMs. The federal Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services defines APMs such as Comprehensive ESRD Care (CEC) accepting upside and downside (two-sided) financial risk, Comprehensive Primary Care Plus, Next Generation ACO Model, certain Medicare shared savings programs, an Oncology Care Model accepting two-sided risk, a Comprehensive Care for Joint Replacement Payment Model, and the Vermont Medicare ACO Initiative.
