BCI is a technology system that collects and interprets brain signals, and transmits them to a connected machine—such as a computer or robotic limb—that outputs the commands. BCIs can be directed at researching, augmenting or repairing human cognitive or sensory-motor functions. There are several types of BCIs, ranging from noninvasive (such as using MRI or electroencephalogram) to invasive (such as when a microelectrode array is implanted in the brain to transmit signals wirelessly or through a transmitter worn at the top of head).
Researchers spoke at Health Journalism 2022 about BCI projects to restore communication, mobility and independence for people with neurologic disease, injury or limb loss. Examples are using BCIs to operate a prosthetic limb, move a computer cursor, type messages, or select music or videos via a computer. Brain-controlled robots that attach a laptop or computer monitor to a base on wheels could enable homebound individuals to virtually visit other locations.